WHAT IS URIC ACID / MEANING, CAUSES, SYMPTOMS OF URIC ACID, HOW TO HIGH CONTROL? WHICH FOOD CAUSE HIGH URIC ACID? FOOD / DIET , DIAGNOSIS, NORMAL RANGE LEVEL , TREATMENT

 WHAT IS URIC ACID / MEANING, CAUSES, SYMPTOMS OF URICACID, HOW TO CONTROLL? WHICH FOOD CAUSE URIC ACID? FOOD / DIET , DIAGNOSIS, NORMAL RANGE LEVEL , TREATMENT

•  URIC ACID DEF:                                                                                               
• CAUSES / REASONS   

•   SYMPTOMS                                                                               

• HOW TO CONTROL?

• URIC ACID FOODS

• NORMAL URIC ACID LEVEL

• TEST

• HOW CAN REDUCE MY URIC ACID?

• SWELLING

• PAIN

• DIET

• DIAGNOSIS

URIC ACID DEF:

1- Uric acid is a waste product found in the blood. It is formed when the body breaks down chemicals called purines. Most of the uric acid is dissolved in the blood, passes through the kidneys and leaves the body in urine. Foods and drinks high in purines can also increase uric acid levels.

2- Uric acid: A broken down product of purines that is part of many foods. In gout, the level of uric acid in the blood is high (hyperuricemia), but not always. However, only a small percentage of people with hyperuricemia develop gout.

WHAT IS HIGH URIC ACID /Hyperuricemia (high uric acid)?

Hyperuricemia (high uric acid):

Hyperuricemia is an excess of uric acid in the blood. Uric acid passes through the liver and enters your bloodstream. Most of your

(removed from your body) or goes through your intestines to control "normal" levels.

Normal uric acid levels are 2.4-6.0 mg / DL (women) and 3.4-7.0 mg / dl (men). Normal values ​​vary from lab to lab.

Purines are also important for uric acid levels in the blood. Purines are nitrogen-containing compounds that are produced inside your body cells (endogenous), or from foods that contain purines (exogenous) from outside your body. Purine breaks down into uric acid. Excess purines can cause uric acid levels to rise in your tissues and cause crystals to form. This can lead to high uric acid levels in the blood.

Uric acid can form when the level of uric acid in the blood exceeds 7 mg / DL. Problems such as kidney stones, and gout (accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, especially in your toes and fingers) can occur.

What Causes Hyperuricemia?

Causes of high uric acid levels (hyperuricemia) can be primary (increased uric acid levels due to purines), and secondary (high uric acid levels due to another disease or condition). Sometimes, the body produces more uric acid than it is capable of excreting.

Uric acid: A broken down product of purines that is part of many foods. In gout, the level of uric acid in the blood is high (hyperuricemia), but not always. However, only a small percentage of people with hyperuricemia develop gout.

CAUSES OF URIC ACID:

Many times, high uric acid levels occur when your kidneys do not effectively eliminate uric acid. Factors that can lead to slow elimination of uric acid include eating rich foods, being overweight, diabetes, taking certain diuretics (sometimes called water pills) and consuming more alcohol. Other less common causes are foods high in purine or your body producing too much uric acid.

Factors that can cause high levels of uric acid in your blood:

• Urination (water retention relief)

• Drinking too much alcohol

• Genetics (hereditary predisposition)

• Hypothyroidism (low thyroid)

• Immunosuppressive drugs

• Niacin, or vitamin B-3

• Obesity

• Psoriasis

• Foods high in purines - liver, game meats, anchovies, sardines, gravy, dried beans and peas, mushrooms and other foods

• Kidney failure (inability to filter waste through the kidneys)

• Tumor lysis syndrome (rapid release of cells into the bloodstream due to certain cancers or chemotherapy for those cancers).

In addition, you may be monitored for high uric acid levels during chemotherapy or radiation treatment for cancer.

SYMPTOMS OF URIC ACID:

A person with high or low uric acid levels may not always have symptoms. Symptoms may not appear until a person reaches levels beyond normal for a long time, which can lead to health problems.

Symptoms of gout associated with high uric acid levels:

Uric acid levels are lower than normal. A person with low uric acid levels may urinate more than normal, which can lead to dehydration if they do not drink enough water.

Signs and symptoms of gout almost always occur suddenly and often at night. Among them are

• Severe joint pain. 

Gout usually affects the big toe, but it can occur in any joint. Other joints that are commonly affected include the ankles, knees, elbows, wrists, and fingers. The pain is most severe in the first four to 12 hours after onset.

• Lingering discomfort

 After the most severe pain subsides, some joint discomfort lasts from a few days to a few weeks. Subsequent attacks are more likely to last longer and affect more joints.

• Swelling and redness.

 The affected joint or joints become swollen, pale, hot and red.

Limited range of motion. As gout progresses, you may not be able to move your joints normally.

• Joint pain or swelling

• Joints that feel hot to the touch

• Shiny, discolored skin around the joints

• Symptoms of kidney stones, which can also cause high uric acid levels:

• Back pain

• Side pain

•  Often required

•  There will be cloudy, unusual odor or blood

• Vomiting or nausea

HOW TO CONTROL URIC ACID?

Follow low purine diet easily control high uric acid

Although uric acid is commonly associated with protein-rich foods, recent studies suggest that sugar may also be a factor. Dietary sugars include table sugar, corn syrup and high fructose corn syrup.

• Avoid sugar:

Sugar Fructose is the main type of common sugar in processed and refined foods. Researchers have found that this type of sugar can lead to high levels of uric acid in particular.

• Check food labels for extra sugars / Sweet foods

 Eating more whole foods and less refined packaged foods can reduce sugar cravings while allowing you to eat more nutritious food.

• Sweet drinks

Sugary drinks, sodas and fresh fruit juices also contain fructose and glucose.

High fructose corn syrup contains a mixture of fructose and glucose, usually 55 percent fructose and 42 percent glucose. This is similar to the ratio of 50 percent fructose and 50 percent glucose in table sugar.

Fructose from refined sugar in juice or other foods is absorbed faster than sugar from naturally occurring foods that your body needs to break down. Rapid absorption of refined sugars can increase your blood sugar levels and even lead to higher levels of uric acid.

• Replace sugary drinks with filtered water and fiber-rich smoothies.

• Drink more water

• Drinking plenty of fluids can help your kidneys excrete uric acid faster. Always keep a bottle of water with you. Set an alarm every hour to remind you to take a few sips.

• Avoid alcohol

Drinking alcohol will make you more dehydrated. It can also trigger high uric acid levels. This happens because your kidneys must first filter the products in the blood caused by alcohol rather than uric acid and other waste.

Some types of alcoholic beverages, such as are also high in purines.

• Lose weight

In addition to your diet, extra pounds can increase uric acid levels.  Cells make more uric acid than muscle cells. In addition, shedding extra pounds can make it harder for your kidneys to filter out uric acid. Losing weight too quickly can also affect levels.

If you are overweight, it is best to avoid fashion diets and crash diets. Talk to a nutritionist about a healthy diet and weight loss plan that you can follow. Your doctor may recommend a healthy weight target for your body type.

• Balance insulin levels

Check your blood sugar level when you visit your doctor. This is important even if you do not have diabetes mellitus.

Adults with type 2 diabetes may have more insulin in their bloodstream. This hormone is needed to move sugar from your blood to your cells, where it powers every  function‌. However, too much insulin can lead to high uric acid in the body, as well as weight gain.

People with a condition called prediabetes may also have higher insulin levels and a higher risk for type 2 diabetes.

If insulin resistance is suspected, your doctor may check your serum insulin level in addition to your blood sugar level.

• Add more fiber to your diet

Eating more fiber can help your body get rid of uric acid. Fiber helps balance your blood sugar and insulin levels. It also increases satisfaction, which reduces the risk of overeating.

• Add at least 5 to 10 grams of soluble fiber per day to whole foods:

• Fresh, frozen or dried fruits

• Fresh or frozen vegetables

• Madness

• Barley

• Reduce stress

• Stress, poor sleep habits and too little exercise can increase inflammation. Inflammation sets high uric acid levels.

• Practice mindfulness techniques such as breathing exercises and yoga to help you cope with your stress levels. Join the class or use an app that reminds you to breathe and stretch several times a day.

Follow good sleep hygiene:

• Avoid digital screens for two to three hours before bedtime

• Getting to bed and waking up at a consistent time every day

• Avoiding caffeine after meals

• Talk to your doctor if you have insomnia or difficulty sleeping.

WHICH FOODS CAUSE HIGH URIC ACID?

Purines are compounds found naturally in some foods. When the body breaks down purines, it produces uric acid. Gout can occur when the body produces too much uric acid through the process of metabolizing a diet high in purine.

Some foods that are high in purines are healthy, so the goal is to reduce purine intake without completely avoiding them.

Foods With High Purine Content:

• Wild game like deer

• Trout, Tuna, Haddock, Sardines, Anchovies, Mussels and Herring

•  and high alcohol, including alcohol

• High -  Foods such as bacon, dairy products and red meat (including veal)

•  Meat, for example, liver and sweet breads

• Sweet food and drinks

• Foods with moderate purine content:

• Deli meats

• Many other meats, including ham and beef

Poultry

• Oysters, shrimp, crab and lobster

Diet for uric acid:

• Low -fat and non-dairy products such as yogurt and skim milk

• Fresh fruits and vegetables

• Nuts, peanut butter and whole grains

• Fat and oil

• Potatoes, rice, bread and pasta

• Eggs (moderate)

• Meats such as fish, chicken and red meat are moderate (4 to 6 ounces per day).

Vegetables:

 You can find vegetables like lettuce and asparagus on the high purine list, but studies show that they do not increase the risk of gout or gout attacks.

NORMAL RANGE OF URIC ACID:

Indications for uric acid in the blood are as follows:

 

• Adult males: 4.0-8.5 mg / DL or 0.24-0.51 mmol / L.

•  Adult female: 2.7–7.3 mg / DL or 0.16–0.43 mmol / L.

•  Elderly: There may be a slight increase in respect and esteem.

DIAGNOSIS:

Doctors usually diagnose gout based on your symptoms and the appearance of the affected joint. Tests to help diagnose gout may iclude:

• Joint fluid test.

 Your doctor may use a needle to draw fluid from your affected joint. Urate crystals may be visible when the fluid is examined under a microscope.

• Blood test.

 Your doctor may recommend a blood test to measure the levels of uric acid in your blood. Blood test results can be misleading, though. Some people have high uric acid levels, but never experience gout. And some people have signs and symptoms of gout, but don't have unusual levels of uric acid in their blood.

• X-ray imaging.

 Joint X-rays can be helpful to rule out other causes of joint inflammation.

• Ultrasound.

This test uses sound waves to detect urate crystals in joints or in tophi.

• Dual-energy computerized tomography (DECT).

 This test combines X-ray images taken from many different angles to visualize urate crystals in joints.

TREATMENT:

Gout medications are available in two forms and focus on two different problems. The first type helps reduce the inflammation and pain associated with gout attacks. The second type works to prevent gut problems by reducing the amount of uric acid in your blood.

Which type of right medicine is right for you depends on the frequency and severity of your symptoms, as well as any other health issues you may have.

Medications used to treat gout and prevent future attacks:

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

NSAIDs include over-the-counter over-the-counter options such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Alev), as well as more potent prescription NSAIDs such as indomethacin (Indosine, Tivorbex) or celecoxib (Celebrex). NSAIDs increase the risk of abdominal pain, bleeding and ulcers.

• Colchicine.

Your doctor may prescribe colchicine (Colcrys, Gloperba, Mitigare), an anti-inflammatory drug that can effectively reduce arthritis pain. However, the effect of ausea medicine can be offset by side effects such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.

• Corticosteroids.

 Corticosteroid medications, such as prednisone, can control the inflammation and pain of gout. Corticosteroids may be in pill form or they may be injected into your joint. Side effects of corticosteroids include mood swings, high blood sugar and high blood pressure.

Medications to prevent gout problems

If you experience multiple gout attacks each year, or if your gout attacks are less frequent but particularly painful, your doctor may prescribe medication to reduce your risk of gout-related complications. Can. If you already have evidence of damage from gout on a joint X-ray, or if you have toffee, chronic kidney disease, or kidney stones, medications are recommended to lower the level of uric acid in your body. Is

• Drugs that inhibit uric acid production.

 Medications such as allopurinol (alloprim, lopurin, xyloprim) and phoboxostat (uloric) can help limit the amount of uric acid in your body. Side effects of allopurinol include fever, rash, hepatitis and kidney problems. Side effects of phoboxostat include rash, nausea and decreased liver function. Phoboxostat also increases the risk of heart-related death.

• Medications that improve uric acid elimination.

 Medications like Probencid (Probalan) improve your kidneys' ability to remove uric acid from your body. Side effects include rash, abdominal pain, and kidney stones.

Lifestyle and home remedies for uric acid:

Medications are the most effective way to treat gout attacks and prevent recurrent symptoms. However, lifestyle choices are also important, and you may want to:

• Choose healthy drinks.

 Limit sugary drinks and beverages with fruit sugar (fructose). Instead, drink plenty of non-alcoholic beverages, especially water.

Avoid foods high in purines. Red meat and  meats, such as liver, are especially high in purines. Purine-rich seafood includes anchovies, sardines, mussels, scallops, trout and tuna. Low - fat Dairy products are a good source of protein for people with gout.

• Exercise regularly and lose weight.

 Keeping your body at a healthy weight reduces your risk of gout. Choose less effective activities such as walking, cycling and swimming . these are easier on your joints.

TREATMENT BY HOMOEOPATHY:

• Colchicum:

 Colchicum is one of the most commonly prescribed remedies to increase uric acid levels. It is especially indicated in cases where high uric acid levels lead to the onset of gout. It has a specific power to relieve gout attacks. There may be severe pain in the big toe. The affected areas are red, swollen and too hot to touch. Severe pain causes great sensitivity to touch. Tear pain may be more severe in the evening and at night. The slightest attempt to move the foot can lead to sharp, shooting and unbearable tearing pain in the big toe. The pain makes it harder to walk. Swelling of the legs and feet

• LED PAL:

 This is one of the most commonly prescribed remedies in the treatment of cases of high uric acid levels. The main feature of these cases is that the pain varies from bottom to top. The patient feels cold, but he does not like to be covered because his pain improves with the cold. Ledum Paul is indicated when high levels of uric acid in the blood cause its crystals to accumulate in the joint areas. The first attack of pain begins after the person has had a party last night, especially after consuming meat and alcohol. This is a common performance symptom after tests show that uric acid levels are higher than normal.

• Guaiacum

 It is a well prescribed remedy in the treatment of high uric acid levels. It is more suitable in chronic cases where deformities and contractions begin. Guaiacum is highly recommended if you are intolerant to heat in any form. Rheumatic pain in the hands, arms and shoulders. Gout pain from 6 p.m. Bursting and lancing until 4am, movement, hot, cold wet weather, worse with touch and pressure. Better than external pressure. The affected joints are too hot to touch. Can be given in case of body odor. In some cases, it is even given in very severe cases. The affected limb is painful, rigid and immobile.

• Lithium Carb: -

 Lithium carb is a good solution in the treatment of elevated levels of uric acid. High levels of uric acid can lead to abnormal tightness throughout the body. Another strange symptom is itching all over the skin of the joints. Pain relief can be obtained by pouring hot water. Uric acid accumulates in the joints and causes lumps, which can also be felt externally. The lumps can also be felt on the joints of the fingers and in some severe cases, they can be felt on the back of the ear.

• Benzoic Acid-

 Excellent remedy for high uric acid levels. This more medicine is more indicated when the urinary symptoms are more pronounced. Uric acid crystals accumulate in the kidneys or urinary tract, leading to stones. On examination, may show high levels of uric acid. The color of  may change from dark brown to pale yellow and smell like horseradish . Benzoic acid may also be indicated when there are joint complaints. There may be a feeling of cracking in the joints. The toe is swollen, making it difficult to walk or move an limb.

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